Important facts about geography of india

1. The southernmost part of India is Indira Point in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
2. Sri Lanka separated from India by a narrow channel of sea formed by Palk Strait and the Gulf of Mannar.
3. Officially, India's highest point is K2 at 8,611 m (28,251 ft), though it lies in the Pakistani-administered Kashmir, a disputed region. Kanchenjunga in Sikkim at 8,598 m (28,209 ft) is the highest point within India's current geographic boundaries.
4. Its borders with Pakistan and Bangladesh were delineated according to the Radcliffe Line, which was created in 1947 during Partition of India.
5. The Line of Actual Control (LAC) is the effective border between India and the People's Republic of China.
6. The Siachen Glacier at 70 km (43 mi) and the Biafo Glacier at 63 km (39 mi) rank as the world's second and third-longest glaciers outside the polar regions.
7. Mawsynram, a village near Cherrapunji lying on the windward side of these hills, has the distinction of being the wettest place in the world, receiving the highest annual rainfall.
8. a) India is entirely contained on the Indian Plate, a major tectonic plate that was formed when it split off from the ancient continent Gondwanaland. b)About 90 million years ago, the Indian Plate began moving north at about 15 cm/yr (6 in/yr)About 50 to 55 million years ago,in the Eocene epoch of the Cenozoic Era, the plate collided with Asia after covering a distance of 2,000 to 3,000 km (1,200 to 1,900 mi), having moved faster than any other known plate. c)The collision with the Eurasian Plate along the modern border between India and Nepal formed the orogenic belt that created the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas. As of 2009, The India Plate is moving northeast at 5 cm/yr (2 in/yr), while the Eurasian Plate is moving north at only 2 cm/yr (0.8 in/yr). India is thus referred to as the "fastest continent.
9. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Himalaya-formation.gif
10. The Teen Bigha Corridor is a strip of land formerly belonging to India on the West Bengal–Bangladesh border which has been leased indefinitely to Bangladesh so that it can access its Dehgram–Angalpota enclaves.
11. The Line of Actual Control (LAC) is the effective border between India and the People's Republic of China

12. India is divided into seven physiographic regions. They are

a) The northern mountains including the Himalayas, which includes the Kuen Lun and the Karakoram ranges and the northeast mountain ranges.
b) Indo-Gangetic plains
c)Thar Desert
d)Central Highlands and Deccan Plateau
e)East Coast
f)West Coast
g)Bordering seas and islands.

13. India has eight major mountain ranges having peaks of over 1,000 m (3,281 ft). a-Himlayas,they are one of the world's youngest mountain ranges.
b-Karakoram,situated in the disputed state of Jammu and Kashmir,k2 is situated in karakoram range.The Siachen Glacier at 70 km (43 mi) and the Biafo Glacier at 63 km (39 mi) rank as the world's second and third-longest glaciers outside the polar regions.
c-The Patkai, or Purvanchal,are situated near India's eastern border with Myanmar.There are three hill ranges that come under the Patkai: the Patkai–Bum, the Garo–Khasi–Jaintia and the Lushai hills. The Garo–Khasi range lies in Meghalaya. Mawsynram, a village near Cherrapunji lying on the windward side of these hills, has the distinction of being the wettest place in the world, receiving the highest annual rainfall.
d-The vindhya range, runs across most of central India,
e-The satpura range,begins in eastern Gujarat near the Arabian Sea coast and runs east across Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.
f-The Aravali Range is the oldest mountain range in India, running across Rajasthan from northeast to southwest direction,The highest peak in this range is Guru Shikhar at Mount Abu.
g-The western ghats or sahyadri range,] Anai Mudi in the Anaimalai Hills 2,695 m (8,842 ft) in Kerala is the highest peak in the Western Ghats.
h-The eastern ghats, which have been eroded and vivisected by the four major rivers of southern India, the Godavari, Mahanadi, Krishna, and Kaveri.

14.The Thar Desert (also known as the Great Indian Desert) is the world's seventh largest desert.

15. The Central Highlands comprise of three main plateaus — the Malwa Plateau in the west, the Deccan Plateau in the south (covering most of the Indian peninsula) and the Chota Nagpur Plateau in the east.
a)The Malwa Plateau is spread across Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.
c)The Chota Nagpur Plateau is situated in eastern India, covering much of Jharkhand and adjacent parts of Orissa, Bihar and Chhattisgarh.

16.The Eastern Coastal Plain is a wide stretch of land lying between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal. The plains are divided into six regions — the Mahanadi delta, the southern Andhra Pradesh plain, the Krishna-Godavari deltas, the Kanyakumari coast, the Coromandel Coast and sandy coastal.

17.The Western Coastal Plain is a narrow strip of land sandwiched between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea.Major rivers flowing into the sea are the Tapi, Narmada, Mandovi and Zuari. The coast is divided into 3 parts namely, Konkan, which is situated in Maharashtra,Goa and northern parts of Karnataka; the Kanara in Karnataka and the Malabar Coast in Kerala.

18.The Andaman Islands consists of 204 small islands.The highest point is Mount Thullier at 642 m (2,140 ft). in nicobar island.

19.Significant islands just off the Indian coast include Diu, a former Portuguese enclave; Majuli, (made by brahmputra in assam and largest riverline island in the world) Asia's largest freshwater island; Elephanta in the Bombay Harbour; and Sriharikota barrier island in Andhra Pradesh. Salsette Island is India's most populous island on which the city of Mumbai (Bombay) is located. Forty-two islands in the Gulf of Kutch constitute the Marine National Park.


20.In india ,mainly rivers are originated from 3 places...1- himalaya & karakoram range ...2--vindhya & satpura range...3--western ghats...


21.The Himalayan rivers that flow westward into Pakistan are the Indus, Beas, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, and Jhelum.
22. himalayan rivers are ganga, yamuna,gomti,brahmputra.
23.vindhya & satpura range rivers are chambal(tributary of yaumna ),tapti,narmada.
24. western ghats rivers are mahanadi ,godavari,krishna,kaveri.

25.Major gulfs include the Gulf of Cambay, Gulf of Kutch and the Gulf of Mannar.
26.Straits include the Palk Strait, which separates India from Sri Lanka and the Ten Degree Channel, which separates the Andamans from the Nicobar Islands and the Eight Degree Channel, which separates the Laccadive and Amindivi Islands from the Minicoy Island towards the south.


27.The Sundarbans is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, but is identified separately as the Sundarbans (Bangladesh) and the Sundarbans National Park (India)..
28.The highest temperature recorded in India was 50.6 °C (123.1 °F) in Alwar in 1955. The lowest was −45 °C (−49.0 °F) in Kashmir.

29.Uranium is mined in Andhra Pradesh.
30.India is the world's biggest producer of mica blocks and mica splittings.
31. India ranks second amongst the world's largest producers of barites and chromites.
32.India is the third-largest coal producer in the world and ranks fourth in the production of iron ore.
33.It is the fifth-largest producer of bauxite and crude steel, the seventh-largest of manganese ore and the eighth-largest of aluminium.
34.India possesses 24% of the world's known and economically-viable thorium, which is mined along shores of Kerala.
35.Gold had been mined in the now-defunct Kolar Gold Fields in Karnataka.